A model of demand for private insurance supports the idea that heterogeneity in non-pecuniary preferences and long-term structure of private insurance contracts may be muting cream-skimming in this setting.
Alternatively, they may have preferences for non-pecuniary, unobserved job characteristics found in some of the jobs that require less schooling, thus translating into highly persistent overeducation.
Carpenter, C. "Sexual Orientation, Income, and Non-Pecuniary Economic Outcomes: New Evidence from Young Lesbians in Australia".
Overall, the results from existing DCE studies on health workers' preferences show the relative importance of both pecuniary and non-pecuniary interventions (see Additional file 4).
Similar to other studies, we found that both pecuniary and non-pecuniary factors (salary, working conditions, children's education, living conditions and safety) affect career preferences of health workers.
Do we even extend that to offering newly appointed colleagues a choice of employment packages, where they can choose between different pecuniary and non-pecuniary benefits?
Perhaps non-pecuniary aid like food would deliver safer returns with a lower risk of unintended side-effects?
Manufacturing jobs are still often treated as "better"—in some vague, non-pecuniary way than paper-pushing is.
It added: "The finding of a violation constitutes in itself sufficient just satisfaction for any non-pecuniary damage sustained by the applicants …".
Here there may be a happy congruence of society's need for more volunteers and the non-pecuniary benefits for individuals who step forward.
"The finding of a violation constitutes in itself sufficient just satisfaction for any non-pecuniary damage sustained by the applicant," it said.
