In both the non-EU and EU cohorts, pain, physical mobility, and energy had correlations >0.40 with HU (Table 4).
There were also statistically significant, linear relationships between the non-vertebral fractures (0, 1, 2, 3+) and reductions in HRQoL and HU for those in the non-EU and EU cohorts, although the number of significant domains and strength of statistical significance was less pronounced for those with non-vertebral fractures than it was for those with vertebral fractures (see Additional file 2).
While it is difficult to compare the findings between the non-EU and EU cohorts directly, given that 2 different utility measures were used (HUI and EQ-5D), other researchers have shown the correlation between EQ-5D and HUI to be high, 0.71 and 0.67, respectively [ 26, 27].
There was a statistically significant, direct linear relationship between the number of vertebral fractures (0, 1, 2, 3+) and a reduction in HRQoL scores for those in the non-EU and EU cohorts, based on OPAQ, QualEFFO, NHP, and EQ-5D scores.
In the analyses of association between baseline patient characteristics and HU, the variability in HU did not appear to be explained by baseline characteristics, as HU variability explained by baseline characteristics was only 13% for non-EU and 19% for EU cohorts, respectively (Table 1).
In broad terms, around half of long-term immigrants arriving for work are EU citizens, up to 30% are non-EU and the rest are British citizens.
However, migration of both non-EU and EU citizens are still adding to the UK population.
Fees and funding options for international (non-EU) and part-time students will vary, visit port.ac.uk/tuitionfees for more information.
First degree students by domicile (UK, other EU, non-EU) and subject grouping 2003/04, with percentage other EU and percentage non-EU.
Farmers and crofters fear rules on foods from non-EU and tariffs will cause a collapse of this market.
Women appear to suffer from relatively higher discrimination because the respective coefficients for non-EU and EU women are −0.15 and −0.14 (all three interaction coefficients are significantly different from each other).
