Do genes introduced by conjugation or transduction ever restore competence to non-competent lineages?
LytA and CbpD, together with constitutively expressed LytC, a peptidoglycan hydrolase 89, were shown to contribute to competence induced fratricide by lysing non-competent sister cells 90, 91.
However, it is not known how frequently competence changes during evolution, or whether non-competent strains can persist for long periods of time.
For example, bacteria have been observed to reach competence (i.e. obtain the ability to kill their non-competent siblings) in rich medium in vitro in early logarithmic growth, which is not seen in vivo, where nutrients are generally limited [ 41, 42].
Second, biodiversity loss could disproportionately affect non-competent, or less competent reservoir hosts, which would otherwise interfere with pathogen transmission to human populations by, for example, wasting the bites of infected vectors.
The percentage reduction of the mean velocity in the middle cerebral artery (PRMCA) on transcranial Doppler, during clamping in carotid endarterectomy, was evaluated to distinguish the competent cerebral collateral supply (low PRMCA) from the non-competent one (high PRMCA).
The inhibitor has a distinct mechanism of inhibition; it gains potency and specificity through interactions with the protease surface loops, and inhibits by binding in the active site in a catalytically non-competent manner.
Conclusions: the retinal symptoms were produced by hypoechoic and possibly embologenic plaques, whereas the cerebrovascular ones possibly by the combination of carotid embolism and a non-competent cerebral collateral circulation.
Electrospray method was used for chitosan/pDNA nanoparticles production to investigate the non-competent bacterial transformation efficiency; besides, the effect of chitosan molecular weight, N/P ratio and nanoparticle size on non-competent bacterial transformation efficiency was evaluated too.
It was shown for S. pneumoniae that when becoming competent streptococcal cells produce a set of factors triggering the lysis of clonal but non-competent relatives.
Living donor transplantation also raises important questions about the validity of consent and about whether organs may ever be taken from healthy non-competent people, such as children.
