In accordance with the proportion ( lambda_{P} ), which is occupied by the non-hydrated cement, non-hydrated expansive additive, and hydration product, the model of the elastic modulus for the nonporous part has the shape shown in Fig. 6.
This study investigates some durability properties of a Non-cement binder (Non-cem).
The aim of the study is to fabricate a new non-cement binder (NCB) using slag, palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and rice husk ash (RHA).
The physical and chemical properties of industrial by-products used for producing the cementless binder are as shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3, and the optimal ratio and physical and chemical composition of the non-cement binder produced are as shown in Tables 4 and 5. Table 1 Physical and chemical properties of BFS.
The sand, gravel, and crushed stone used for the production of cement, concrete, asphalt and in rural non-cement related construction was estimated using average global coefficients presented by Krausmann and colleagues and was based on data on cement production and consumption (Cembureau, 1998, 2013) and bitumen consumption (IEA, 2013) as well as on rural and urban population (FAOSTAT, 2013).
To model the spatial structure, the volume ratio ( V_{C,EX} ) of the non-hydrated cement to non-hydrated expansive additive is needed, based on the following equation.
On the other hand, in the modeling of the elastic modulus, we assume that the gel, non-hydrated cement, and non-hydrated expansive additive exist in a certain ratio based on the hydration reaction ratio.
Based on these characteristics, when the paste matrix is thought of as a hardened part of the gel, non-hydrated cement, and non-hydrated expansive additive, and as a two-phase pore material, elastic modulus models for the hardened part with and without pores are needed, both of which use the concept of the contact area.
In non carbonated cement extract solution, corrosion behaviors of CS and Cr modified steel vary slightly, and Cr addition brings down the amount of defects in passive film.
The rate of thrombo-embolic complications may depend on the type of intervention (cemented vs. non-cemented).
(2) On the other hand, the elastic modulus of the hardened part without pores was modeled by assuming that the paste matrix consisted of the gel, non-hydrated cement, and hardened part of the non-hydrated expansive additive, with two-phase pores in the case where it contained pores.
