We sampled after two years of amending and planting: unamended tailing soil (UTS), non-rhizospheric amended tailing soil (ATS), rhizospheric soil from four species, and non-rhizospheric native forest soil (NS), which acted as reference.
The experimental design included five replicates of biochar and non-biochar amended soils.
By comparing bioavailability of As and P in biochar and non-biochar amended soils, important relations between soil and plant roots have been revealed.
In the contaminated soil sample, at the highest phosphate amendment rate (198 mg P L−1), Bray extractable As was approximately three times greater than in the non-phosphate amended soil (Fig. 6).
The five treatments included CK, non-amended control; SS, amended with sandy soil; DG, amended with desulfurization gypsum; FM, amended with farm manure; and M, amended with a mixture of sandy soil, desulfurization gypsum, and farm manure.
Seasonal plantings of barnyard grass (Echinocloa crus-galli) were intended to serve as a carbon amendment for denitrification, however, there was no difference in nitrate removal between amended and non-amended conditions, likely because data averaging obscured a small, localized enhancement signal.
Soil samples were collected in the spring (before adding amendments) and autumn (after crop harvest) to determine nematode abundance, community structure and soil characteristics: Shannon Weiner (H′), Simpson, Pielou (J′) and combined maturity indices were used to compare nematode community structure in amended and non-amended plots.
Five mature worms were added in a jar containing 250 g (dry weight equivalent) of TNT/RDX amended or non-amended soil.
The addition of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 to the non-autoclaved soil amended with inorganic fertilizer enhanced the productivity of radishes grown in greenhouse.
Root growth was only suppressed when lettuce and littleseed canarygrass were grown in non-sterile soil amended with 68 or 136 µg m-tyrosine/g soil.
m-Tyrosine was not detected in non-sterile soil amended with 4.25, 8.5 or 17 µg m-tyrosine/g soil with any of the assay species (data not shown).
