To the MCP input surface, (sim +,300) V is nominally applied to enhance an electron detection efficiency of the MCP.
This agrees well with that nominally applied at maximum load and 100% overload.
A bending factor is defined as the ratio of the bending stress and the nominally applied tensile stress.
The effective crack driving force, Jtip, can be determined as the sum of Cinh and the nominally applied far-field crack driving force, Jfar.
A material inhomogeneity in the direction of crack extension causes a difference between the near-tip crack driving force, Jtip, and the nominally applied far-field crack driving force, Jfar.
A simple model was then proposed to quantify these effects based on the idea that crack face interaction reduces the effective shear-mode driving force by allowing a portion of the nominally applied loading to be transferred through a crack.
It is worth noticing that the actual concentration of the peptide/s at the relevant receptors might differ from that nominally applied, due to the size and diffusion of the peptide/s to neurons located at different depths in the brain slice and, possibly, to the action of extracellular peptidases.
However, increasing synaptic Glu release by applying nominally Mg2+-free Mg2+-free3], [24] revealed a significant contribution of the Glu-GABA exchange mediumism to the overall GABA release (Figure 7E).
With this religious test, they intended to avoid examining the specific details of each individual's faith and practice (as was common in Europe) but to apply a broad standard that nominally kept religion in politics.
The emphasis in this study was on discerning the factors that distinguish the crack-initiating microstructural arrangements and plausible mechanisms producing a life-limiting failure versus a long lifetime failure under nominally similar microstructure and applied stress level.
