The overall root mean square error between the predicted and measured concentrations (residuals) was 0.2 1.5 mg/L for the mixtures with a nominal component concentration of 10 mg/L.
The benefit of this approach is having a system representation that allows for analysis of critical events and off- nominal component behavior to identify potential losses in function and safety constraint violations.
The post-nominal moment index is equal to: Open image in new window Fig. 1 Residence time distribution showing pre-nominal and post-nominal components.
Instead of separating the synchronization error component from the nominal range component, we use the whole extracted time delay t D _ delay t ∧ and peak phase ϕ D t ∧ to compensate the corresponding terms in the reflected signal.
However, due to the fact that direct-path signal's time delays and peak phases constitute both the synchronization error component and the nominal range component, the range history of direct-path signal will be removed in the synchronized echo data as well.
Table 3 Mean (SD) of nominal strain components in the stretching, transverse, and height directions at various height levels of cell models.
Table 3 shows the mean and SD of the nominal strain components in the stretching, transverse, and height directions at various height levels of the cell models in Figure 5.
As can be seen from (15) and (16), the extracted time delays and peak phases constitute both the nominal range component and the synchronization error component.
In the current study, TKR were categorized as nominal if component alignment relative to anatomic landmarks was within ±3° for femoral components and within ±10° for tibial components, and if relative femoral-tibial mismatch was within ±5°.
In this study, the post-nominal moment component, suggested by Wahl et al. (2010), was adopted.
The experimental modal data as well as static response in terms of component nominal stresses and hot-spot stresses at the concerned locations were used for dynamic response- and static response-oriented model updating, respectively.
