Clinical information and scrub typhus serology results were retrieved from 579 patients but 170 were excluded from the analysis because 93 had no clinical information, 52 had no serology results, and 25 did not fulfill the entry criteria.
In the studies available for this sensitivity analysis, two types of reference standards were used: parasitology including spleen aspirate – no serology; (three studies) and a combined reference standard of parasitology and serology (six studies), in addition to the six studies analysed using latent class analysis.
To be eligible, patients had to present with a history of heavy recent alcohol intake (> 80 gr per day), no radiological evidence of bile duct alterations, no documented hepatocellular carcinoma, no positive serology for hepatitis A, B, C or HIV, no disease associated with iron overload and no documented infection at the time of hospital admission and of liver biopsy.
There are no specific serology tests for diagnosis in the horse, yak, camel and dog.
For the first study, samples were also tested for Chlamydia (14 positive of 491 valid samples), for gonorrhoea (2 positive of 492 valid samples) and subjects were also tested for HIV-1 serology (no confirmed positives).
Similarly, Maass [ 20] and Berger [ 21] found no correlation between serology and DNA in plaque.
Regarding epidemiologic data like age, sex ratio, geographic origin, or HIV serology, no significant differences could be observed when comparing patients harboring drug resistant (including MDR) strains versus patients infected by drug susceptible strains (Table 1).
Excretion of the attenuated strain of Cp. abortus used in the live vaccine through the eye was not observed in vaccinated animals of Flock E. The findings of our study indicate that, using serology, no distinction can be made between vaccinated and naturally infected sheep.
When restricted to HPV-16 DNA-positive women as measured by PCR, risk associations between serology and disease were no longer statistically significant.
He had no co-morbidities, and serology for HIV was negative.
In a random sample of the population of La Réunion during the post-epidemic phase, 9.7% of proven Chikungunya cases (i.e. with a positive serology) reported no arthralgia, including the 5% asymptomatic forms [3].
