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No permanent deformation was found during mechanical tests.
U = 1 implies no permanent deformation and U = ∞ corresponds to completely irreversible deformation.
To date, no permanent deformation test is incorporated into South African pavement design guides.
In aluminium-on-ceramic impact, no permanent deformation of the substrate was seen.
Several tests were repeatedly conducted in order to see the stability, and no permanent deformation of the NR was detected.
As the temperature is raised, loads that give no permanent deformation at room temperature cause materials to creep.
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The use of RCA had no significant influence on the permanent deformation, while the stiffness modulus of asphalt mixtures with RCA was lower compared with the control mixture, especially at high frequencies.
The metal of the coat hanger has been permanently deformed, and in this case, for which the permanent deformation is not so much a consequence of longtime loading at sufficiently high temperature but more a consequence of subjecting the material to large stresses (above the yield stress), the permanent deformation is described as a plastic deformation and the material is called elastic-plastic.
No statistical difference was found in the permanent deformation at 200 and 1,200 N after 20,000 cycles between the two groups.
However, these authors did indicate that this and the other plates in the area (N. Bismarck, S. Bismarck, and Woodlark plates) are all acting as elastic tectonic plates with no permanent internal deformation.
Continued stress produces permanent deformation.
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