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Caspase activation was blocked because of the inability of CerS2 null mice to internalize the TNFR1; whereas Fc-TNF α was internalized to a perinuclear region in hepatocytes from wild-type mice, no internalization was detected in CerS2 null mice.
Scatchard analysis of these compounds revealed that the antagonist bound to more sites on the tumor cells, resulting in an overall higher tumor uptake, despite marginally lower binding affinity and no internalization capacity (Ginj et al. 2006).
Contrary to the paradigm that internalization and the resulting accumulation of radiotracers in cells is necessary for efficient tumor targeting, recent preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that antagonists are superior to the agonist especially for tumor targeting despite little to no internalization in cells [7, 10, 12].
As observed before, there was no internalization in control transfected cells (Fig. 5B and D).
In contrast, no internalization (GFP fluorescence) was observed when equal amount of purified GFP (without NLS) was used under identical condition (Figure 5D).
Macrophages were incubated with purified antibodies at a concentration of 25 µg/ml for 1 h at 4°C to allow only attachment, but no internalization.
Similar(33)
However, no marked internalization of SNAP-tagged β1-adrenoceptors was observed and no distinguishable level or localization of BODIPY-TMR-CGP fluorescence was observed in untransfected (CHO-CS) cells compared with CHO-β1 cells pretreated with CGP 20712A.
Internalization studies of 111In-Fab demonstrated no detectable internalization after 24 h in neither A431 nor H314 cells.
Both species-specific and antigen-specific binding of the conjugates were demonstrated in vitro, with no detectable internalization.
Thus, although Au NPs were retained in the gut lumen, there was no observable internalization into the gut epithelial cells.
In vitro, both species-specific and antigen-specific binding of the conjugates were demonstrated, with no detectable internalization.
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