Eligible people were older than 64 years, competent in French or English (either the individual or the caregiver), had a score of -10 or less on the Functional Autonomy Measurement System (SMAF; -87 represents the worst health state) [ 48], and no plans for institutionalization within 3 months.
At the community level, there is no proper mechanism of "gate-keeping" and there are no any adequate procedures to prevent institutionalization of children.
Academic creative-writing programs are, as McGurl puts it, examples of "the institutionalization of anti-institutionality".
The Court ruled jurisdictions offering people with disabilities no other option but institutionalization violate principles of the ADA and the Constitution.
Trials on case-management, showed a deferral or no reduction in patients' institutionalization rate [ 27, 31], and on the whole did not impact caregivers' levels of depression and burden, in spite of small reductions at some sites [ 21].
It is likely that the older adults in this group were introduced to these services in an early stage of disability and therefore knew how to access the services again once institutionalization was no longer required.
The results of this review can be related to critiques of Goffman's notion of the mental institution [ 20, 37, 83, 84] namely that the earlier conceptualizations of institutionalization are limiting and can no longer be applicable in today's context.
However, these conclusions were formulated by analyzing the networks when no elections were held, before institutionalization began.
While poor recognition was associated with mortality and functional decline, there was no statistically significant association with institutionalization (OR 2.3, 95% CI: 0.7 7.4).
