While there are no explicit penalties for not reporting, the State Department expects that most companies will comply to avoid public criticism from advocates for human rights and the environment who are closely watching Myanmar's political and economic opening.
Critics have suggested that this is toothless, pointing out that there would be no explicit penalties for countries judged to be behaving irresponsibly, partly due to reservations about such oversight from China and Germany.
For example, balancing the rate of gene duplications and deletions and choosing not to impose an explicit penalty on genome size allowed for a transparent assessment of factors contributing to the evolution of genome size.
The absence of any explicit penalty for missing cases of viral hepatitis in this analysis implies that the costs of E, D and F are under-estimated with respect to G.
It is important to note that mCSM does not define any explicit penalties, for instance when burying hydrophobic or exposing polar residues.
with Given a MSA A, the scores for each of the N target sequences are then added up to yield to the final alignment score STRIKEali A): Whereas this formula has no explicit gap penalty, in practice the normalization by the number of contacts in the template plays a similar role and target sequences missing many contacts because of unaligned residues end up with a global score lowered accordingly.
In late April this year, the unelected Guardian Council reinserted the barbaric punishment of stoning to a draft bill after stoning to death was omitted as the explicit penalty for adultery.
Human-rights advocates argue that they are not strong enough — and lack explicit penalties for companies that do not comply — to manage a headlong rush to invest in an impoverished country afflicted with ethnic conflicts and still dominated by the military and state-owned enterprises that operate with little transparency.
For many women, the lack of explicit penalties for misconduct smacked of tacit permission, especially when offenders of harassment or assault were "great fighters" or powerful "unit leaders," Hoffman said.
The report won't automatically trigger explicit penalties, but those who find their name in its pages have reason to fear they will become instantly radioactive in the elite upper reaches of Western financial institutions, effectively putting a big crimp in their extravagant lifestyles and limiting their ability to exploit their own astronomical wealth, experts said.
