Suggestions(5)
Exact(3)
Of course, ultimately no causalities can be proven on the basis of a retrospective study such as this.
Finally, because we only conducted a retrospective analysis, only associations (no causalities) can be ascribed to the given data.
First, because our data are observational, we showed associations and no causalities between the introduction of PCV7 and changes in pneumococcal colonization.
Similar(56)
The two can coincide, but there is no causality.
The whole problem is that it's all correlational stuff – there's no causality proven.
In the correction note, Verhulst, Hatemi, and a co-author, Lindon Eaves, stressed that the error, while regrettable and sloppy, didn't actually affect any of the paper's main conclusions: that there was no causality between personality and politics, and that correlations were small.
Therefore, we can only show associations and no causality.
A bidirectional relationship is supported in Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, France, Pakistan, and the USA, while no causality exists in Brazil, Finland, and Switzerland.
Also, in the long-run, there is no causality running from output or trade to renewable energy.
Researchers at Credit Suisse First Boston resorted to chaos theory, which looks for recurring patterns with no causality or theory in mind.
The findings show that there is no causality between nuclear energy consumption and economic growth in eleven out of fourteen cases, supporting the neutrality hypothesis.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com