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The phenotype of newly born cells labeled with BrdU was determined using NeuN, a neuronal marker.
The newly born cells express neuronal markers, emit axons, receive synaptic inputs; in addition, their electrophysiological properties are very similar to those of mature dentate granule neurons.
These results contrast with those obtained recently, which show that VAD administration from birth to 18 weeks of age failed to influence cell proliferation while decreasing the survival and neuronal differentiation of 3-week-old newly born cells [34].
In order to label the newly born cells and examine hippocampal cell survival, BrdU, a thymidine analogue incorporated into genetic material during synthetic DNA phase of mitotic division, was used.
Although this form of neural plasticity is recognized to contribute to hippocampal-dependent memory function [5] [10], relatively little is known regarding the functional integration of newly born cells into pre-existing neuronal networks.
Likewise, rodent studies have found that proliferation rate and survival of newly born cells is under physiological regulation, the most replicated findings being increased proliferation after voluntary physical exercise [7], and suppression of neurogenic activity by psychological stress [8].
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In this way, we demonstrate that while short-term cell survival is upregulated after an initial 1 week period of enrichment in 2 month old female mice, after long-term enrichment (2 months) neither cell proliferation nor the survival of the younger newly born cell populations are distinguishable from that observed in non-enriched control mice.
Ectopic cell division within a capillary likely causes an uneven increase in diameter along the vessel length, crowding of endothelial cell bodies and, potentially, destabilization of junctional contacts that must reorganize to incorporate the newly born cell.
Once the D-Plp ring is complete, the paired centrioles disengage during late anaphase so that each newly born cell exits cytokinesis into G1 with two well-separated centrioles.
The uncertainty of the fate of a newly born cell with the full epithelial structure (apical progenitor, basal progenitor, or neuron) may be apparent due to limited resolutions in currently available methods for detection, meaning that it remains possible that some undiscovered structural variations affect neuroepithelial cell fate.
For assays on newly born rho0 cells, exponentially growing RHO + cells were treated with ethidium bromide (30 μg/ml) for 6 hr in YEPD, washed, resuspended in fresh medium for 15 hr, and single unbudded cells were micro-manipulated on plates for colony growth.
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