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To induce LTP, a 5-min baseline was followed by a 2 Hz stimulation (200 stimuli) with recorded neurons voltage clamped at 0 mV.
To induce LTD, a 10-min baseline was followed by 1 Hz stimulation (200 stimuli) with recorded neurons voltage clamped at −40 mV.
Recordings were made from pyramidal neurons in the CA1 region, using glass pipettes containing CsMeSO4 internal solution (as above) and neurons voltage clamped at −70 mV unless otherwise stated.
Specifically, we used rectangular current pulses of both hyperpolarizing and depolarizing polarity and observed the neurons voltage responses.
Bath application of NMDA for 2 10 s induced inward currents in all tested neurons, voltage clamped at −60 mV.
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Glutamate was applied with a piezoelectric-controlled perfusion device to neurons voltage-clamped at −70 mV.
The amplitude of AMPA to NMDA receptor mediated EPSCs were obtained from neurons voltage-clamped at +40mV.
For example, in the mammalian brain and in cultured neurons, voltage-gated potassium channels of the Kv1 (Shaker) family reside in the axons.
In the apical dendrite L5 pyramidal neurons voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are activated by back-propagating action potentials [45] and dendritic Ca2+ spikes [5], [45].
The mechanism of the antihyperalgesic action may be a result of the postsynaptic binding of gabapentin to the alpha2-delta subunit of the dorsal horn neurons' voltage-dependent calcium channels, causing decreased calcium entry into nerve endings and thus decreased release of neurotransmitters.
Whole-neuron voltage recordings in POm were done as described in (Margrie et al. 2002).
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