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A dead or degenerating neuron was defined as one with a vacuolated cytoplasm, shrunken soma and/or beaded or retracted neurites.
A neuron was defined as a Reward-Proximity neuron if it displayed a significant linear trend in firing as the number of identical stimuli increased.
A neuron was defined as an I-Lost neuron if the firing rate to the first nonidentical stimulus was significantly different to that of the preceding identical stimulus.
A neuron was defined as 'spatially tuned' when it showed a statistically significant difference in mean firing rate in the same epoch in different spatial locations.
A neuron was defined as an I-Won neuron if, on winning combinations, it showed no change in activity across the first three tumblers but a significant change in activity on the final (fourth) tumbler.
If the discharge rate for a certain interval (e.g. 2 s) was significantly higher than those for the others (4 s or 7 s) (Fisher's SLD test, P<0.05) during the interval-response period, the neuron was defined as the IG neuron, specific for the interval (e.g., IG neuron, 2-s specific neuron).
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In neuroscience, a transmitting neuron is defined as a presynaptic neuron and a receiving neuron as a postsynaptic neuron.
The sensitivity of an individual neuron is defined as the expectation of its output deviation due to expected input deviation with respect to overall inputs from a continuous interval, and the relevance of the neuron is defined as the multiplication of its sensitivity value by the summation of the absolute values of its outgoing weights.
The architecture of this fundamental processing unit is shown in Fig. 4. Accordingly, the transfer function through a single neuron is defined as follows: y = aleft(sumlimits_{i=1}^{n}w_{i} x_{i} + bright) (1) Fig. 4 The structure of an artificial neuron.
The activation function for jth hidden neuron is defined as begin{aligned} psi _2 (u^{j})=e^{frac{-u^{j}}{2sigma _j^2 }}=e^{frac{||x-w^{j}||^{2}}}2sigma _j^2 }},quad hbox {for} quad j = 1,2, ldots, s, end{aligned} (7 where (sigma _j^2 ) is the variance of input data sets.
Basal dendrites of a layer 5 pyramidal neuron were defined as dendrites located less than 400 µm from the soma.
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