To visualize labeled sites and neurons, structural scanning was performed at higher resolution and lower scanning rate of 1 Hz (512×512 pixels).
For γ-neuron structural quantification, the primary axonal branch was identified first, with all other processes extending from the primary axon counted as branches.
The neurons' structural characteristics and arrangement at this stage make them convenient for identification and laser capture.
gfap and gefiltin are glia- and neuron-specific structural proteins respectively and, therefore, indirectly linked to Notch-modulated gliogenesis and neurogenesis [64] [66].
Mironov et al. demonstrated in mouse neurons that structural changes in microtubules modulated Ca2+ release from mitochondria and ER [ 50].
Neurons contain structural specialisations, which allow the rapid processing and transmission of the thousands of synaptic inputs that they simultaneously receive.
Because of the tight association between astrocytes and neurons in structural proximity, metabolic coupling and inflammatory responses (Belanger & Magistretti, 2009), it is intriguing to hypothesize that they switch from being neurotrophic to neurotoxic in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Although using artificial neurons as structural elements, Walknet, being a phenomenological model, should not be understood as a model describing the neuronal architecture itself, but as a quantitative, consistent hypothesis summarizing behavioral findings.
In the present study, by using Cdc42 conditional KO mice, we evaluate how postnatal disruption of Cdc42 in excitatory neurons affects structural plasticity of dendritic spines and synaptic plasticity.
No single etiological substrate for schizophrenia and its associated cognitive profile has yet been identified, but common abnormalities include reductions in neuropil and size of neurons, and structural and functional abnormalities of prefrontal and temporal regions and the hippocampal formation [ 6].
A previous study performed by Yang et al. has revealed that intermittent hypoxia resulting from OSAHS may cause structural neuron damage and dysfunction in the central nervous system, especially in the hippocampus, which can be regarded as potential mechanisms of neurocognitive and behavioral deficits [ 30].
