Specifically, the overexpression of dfmr1 in a wild-type background causes a consistent phenotype where the terminal axonal branches of sLNv neurons collapse (Reeve et al, 2005, 2008) (Fig 5A).
This process is distinct from previously reported formation of clusterized neural networks in which a network of linked neurons collapses via neuronal migration along the inter-neuron links.
Word stemming algorithms from Snowball (http://snowball.tartarus.org) were also applied to all tokens so that morphologically similar words sharing the same root (e.g. "neuron", "neurons", "neuronal") were collapsed into one ("neuron").
Hence, Aβ-mediated disturbance of glutamatergic neurotransmission and concomitant synapse loss can induce Tau phosphorylation in connected hippocampal neurons and subsequently axonal degeneration of cortical fibers, and therefore initiates progressive neuronal network collapse.
When this occurs, the microtubules disintegrate, destroying the structure of the cell's cytoskeleton which collapses the neuron's transport system.
We next tested whether ROCK activation was involved in spontaneous growth cone collapse in neurons with genetic Npc1 deficiency.
As expected, ephrin-A5 treatment led to significant growth cone collapse in neurons from medial hippocampus rather than those from lateral hippocampus (Fig. 6A&B).
Based on these observations we propose that in wildtype neurons most dynamic filopodia collapse over time, resulting in continuous redistribution of EGFR among fewer and fewer remaining filopodia.
However, extreme stress can cause impaired dopamine neurons [ 1] and collapse the homeostasis which may lead to various psychotic disorders including immunosuppression, hypertension, anxiety, endocrine disorder, and behaviour disorder [ 4].
In this context, our discovery of three pathways related to neural development—axonogenesis, neurite development, and neuron development, which we collapsed together for analysis was notable as defects in early neurodevelopmental processes such as neuronal survival, differentiation, migration and synaptogenesis may cause neurobiological abnormalities in ASD [ 79].
