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Biological systems have evolved an effective and complicated network of defence mechanisms that enable cells to cope with lethal oxidative environments.
Consequently, plant resistance is correlated with the activation of a complex network of defence pathways and the response of the host plant to a microbial assault is therefore expected to result in drastic changes in the patterns of gene expression throughout the plant [ 22, 23].
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Hitler had ordered the construction of a massive network of defences against an Allied invasion.
In the human body, a complex network of antioxidant defence systems (mainly endogenous enzymatic antioxidant systems) is supported by, and interacts with, small antioxidant molecules derived from the diet to protect the tissues from oxidative stress.
Therefore, in addition to the crucial functions of TRX in tissues in supporting the large network of antioxidant defence, TRX has also crucial role in regulating various protein functions, including enzyme activity, cell growth, proliferation, and ultimately redox-sensitive signal transduction [ 6, 7].
The city is prone to flooding from the River Ouse, and has an extensive (and mostly effective) network of flood defences with walls along the river, and a liftable barrier across the River Foss where it joins the Ouse at the 'Blue Bridge'.
It quickly becomes a money fight and North Korea cannot win that," said Shin In-kyun, head of the Korea Defence Network, an alliance of defence experts based in Seoul.
"These peacetime intrusions into the networks of key defence contractors are more evidence of China's aggressive actions in cyberspace," said the committee's chairman, Democratic Senator Carl Levin of Michigan.
In vascular biology, protection against oxidative stress is accomplished by a network of endogenous antioxidant defences, which exert cellular protective effects by directly scavenging ROS and reducing their damaging action.
The security requirements for these two layers are identified and the design criteria for creating secure ad hoc networks using multiple lines of defence against malicious attacks are discussed.
Furthermore, although many cellular processes and pathways inherent to pest resistance are evolutionarily conserved in plants [ 30], the library analysis suggested that the plasticity of signal transduction networks and the variety of defence compounds may be particularly pronounced for olive.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com