The restrictions are known in the field as negative screens.
But important information can be gleaned even from a negative screening, she said.
Pax World no longer maintains many of the negative screens that it ended up violating.
Nevertheless, "Beyond Wiseguys" has its roots partly in community concern over negative screen images.
In 2008, the revised Methodist Book of Discipline provided religious grassroots guidance in both negative screening and shareholder engagement.
Green funds are less about negative screening and focus instead on companies actively engaged in improving the environment.
So-called "negative screens" have always been part of what used to be known as socially-responsible investing (SRI).
"Simple negative screening of investments is no longer enough – investors want it to be beyond question that their investment is having a positive impact".
However, with the notable exception of the anti-apartheid campaign in South Africa, there's little or no evidence that these negative screens had much impact.
In the US, socially-responsible investing is often still framed as a discussion led by moral values, using negative screening and divesting certain sectors.
