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Once a negative intrusion has entered awareness, additional conscious processes can come into play.
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The combination of top-down and bottom-up influences in the present model leads us to the prediction that pathological worry should be most effectively treated by a combination of practice-based bias modification (to reduce negative intrusions and negativity of worry), together with interventions aimed at strengthening deliberate attempts to control and limit worry episodes.
In contrast, imagery led to a decrease in negative intrusions.
Furthermore, imagery was associated with a decrease in negative intrusions.
Verbal worry resulted in a significant increase in negative intrusions, consistent with previous research.
Mediation analysis demonstrated that the effect of training on negative intrusions was mediated by interpretive bias.
Mean number of negative intrusions during the two breathing focus periods are presented in Table 2.
The number of negative intrusions was assessed during a preceding baseline and post-worry breathing focus phase.
These findings converge on the conclusion that one (presumably unintended) consequence of verbal worry is to increase subsequent negative intrusions.
Moreover, concrete rumination resulted in fewer negative intrusions than abstract rumination and distraction, which did not differ from each other.
This is the first study to demonstrate that worrying using imagery is associated with a decrease in negative intrusions.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com