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HC (healthy control) recruitment: individuals who attended routine healthy examinations; no histories of hepatitis; negative hepatitis B-related tests; no abnormal findings for hepatic biochemical tests.
Lyme was negative; hepatitis, negative; gonorrhea and syphilis, negative.
The patient had negative hepatitis C serologies, was negative for syphilis and HLA-B27, and showed no evidence of tuberculosis on a chest CT scan.
Additional blood tests revealed anti-nuclear antibody titer of 1 40, anti-SSA/Ro-antibody-positive, negative hepatitis and HIV antibodies, and also progressively increasing serum creatinine levels with a creatinine clearance of 18 mL/min.
40% of those with hepatitis but with both negative hepatitis C serology and the absence of detectable viral genome in the serum have hepatitis C virus in the liver on biopsy.
A positive response to treatment is defined as a sustained virological response (SVR; a negative hepatitis C PCR test 6 months after cessation of therapy).
Similar(40)
Distinguishing inactive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers from hepatitis B e antigen-negative hepatitis remains difficult but is important because patients with active hepatitis may develop severe complications.
However, exclusion of all of these conditions alone does not guarantee that a drug is the causative agent underling liver injury as acute sero-negative hepatitis of unknown etiology indistinguishable from DILI accounts for substantial proportion of patients developing acute liver failure even in extensively investigated cohorts [ 31, 32].
Both donors' convalescent plasma tested negative for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV, and were separated and heat-inactivated at 56°C for 10 h before transfusion.
All of them were verified for being negative for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV-1 and -2 viruses.
These were selected from a larger available pool because they were negative for hepatitis B or hepatitis C antibodies and, at autopsy, revealed no histological signs of liver disease (by hematoxylin/eosin staining).
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