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Experimental research so far has shown multi-tasking to have a negative effect on achievement (Wood et al. 2012; Ophir et al. 2009; see also Welford 1967).
The habit of starting to do homework in class may indicate reduced instructional time, which may have a negative effect on achievement, or may signify weakness of the students that is, on its own, the reason for their low achievements.
This hypothesis is validated by two findings: the first is the prediction that there is a negative effect on achievement of the glycemic target exerted by background baseline combination therapy; and the second is the positive relation linking basal HOMA-B and 1-year metabolic response, both of which were observed uniquely among females.
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Most previous research on the relation between computer use and school achievement has been guided by content theories, but the lack of firm empirical support together with unexpected findings of negative effects on achievement has made displacement theories more popular in recent research.
"We found a negative effect on academic achievement," he said.
We find that lagged peer test scores have a negative effect on student achievement, consistent with recent findings in Antecol et al. (2013).
Based on previous analyses of aggregated country-level data (Rosén and Gustafsson 2014), our hypothesis is that increased computer use at home has a negative effect on reading achievement and that this can be explained by displacement theories.
Motivation of nurses is important in the primary health care environment of, for instance, mine settings; since low levels of motivation among Primary Health Care PHCC) nurses could have a negative effect on the achievement of high standards in health service delivery.
An analysis of the Washington, D.C., voucher program by the Department of Education found it has a negative effect on student achievement.
Furthermore, the characteristics Self Esteem [53], Satisfaction with Life [54, 55], and Positive Affect Schedule [56] were also found to be positively correlated, while Stress [57, 58], Depression [59 61], and Locus of Control [54, 55] showed a negative effect on academic achievements.
Papanastasiou (2003) and Papanastasiou et al. (2005) found that computer use does not have a positive nor negative effect on students' science achievement based on PISA results, but the way of computer use affects science achievement.
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