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The health need variables of physical health status and anxiety were also significantly associated with perceived treatment need (Table 3).
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The contributions of need variables on the inequality of probability of an inpatient visit and the number of inpatient visits are negative in 2003 and 2008, meaning that poorer individuals have greater need, while the contributions on the inequality of per-visit hospitalization days are positive, suggesting that the wealthy have greater need of hospitalization.
The analysis of vertical equity includes the SES adjusted association of need variables on access to care.
The contributions of need variables to the inequality of inpatient utilization are similar in 2003 and 2008.
Table 2 shows how the socioeconomic, health and health needs variables of the two groups of PCTs differ significantly.
After controlling for need variables none of the SES indicators were significantly associated with measures of access to care, but a positive association remained, indicating higher utilisation of health care among asylum-seekers with higher SES.
First, a univariate regression was conducted for the total bed supply with a health-related care need variable to describe the grade of need-orientation of bed distribution (equation 1).
Need variables were composed of the number of patients with and without chronic diseases, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, and neoplasms; a subjective health status assessment; and quality of life.
The horizontal inequity (HI) of inpatient utilization can be computed by subtracting the contribution of need variables from the concentration index of inpatient utilization [ 26].
For example, the number of self-perceived need variables associated with intensity of use increased across the age groups.
The desire for empirically verifiable proxies and weights has led to the use of econometric models that examine the association between use of services and a wide range of need variables.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com