We show that successful simultaneous high-quality audio and video signal transmissions over a link span of 50 cm are possible without the need for optimized optics.
Thus, using a flow cell specifically designed for direct coupling to the charge-coupled device (CCD) detector increases the emission intensity without the need for fibre optics.
Herein we describe a new approach of spatial illumination based on electroluminescence (EL) semiconductor strips available in several wavelengths, greatly simplifying the biosensor design by eliminating the need for additional optics.
The absorption spectrum shows that this geometry spatially separates colors: at different wavelengths absorption peaks in different resonators (total absorption reaches over 90% in three out of four resonators), which are physically separated, without the need for external optics.
The orientation of the RF and AC electrodes allows for inward-radial ejection of ions, removing the need for ion collection optics.
The need for near-field optics has increased tremendously because of the fabrication of metallic nanostructures with tunable surface morphology, allowing unprecedented control over electronic, optical, and mechanical properties [1 8].
Achieving this throughput with charged particle lithography requires currents 10,000 times larger than those presently used and hence sets up the need for charged particle optics radically different from those being used today.
These methods are at a much earlier stage of development but, as they eliminate the need for X-ray optics, have the capacity to provide substantially better spatial resolution than zone plate-based methods.
LEDs are an attractive alternative to conventional white-light sources used in fluorescence analysis because of reduced power of operation, enhanced modularity, reduced optical loss, fewer imaging artifacts, and increased flexibility in spectral control without the need for high overhead optics.
The projection approach is also not limited to cellular objects, and any nearly transparent targets should benefit from the increased contrast without the need for any special optics.
