And they have kept labour costs down.Josep Oliver, from Barcelona's Autónoma university, reckons Spain will need 4m extra workers by 2020.
He also demolishes the economic and welfare- state arguments for mass immigration and points out that in most countries there was no desperate need for extra workers in the 1950s - in Britain's case, Ireland still provided a reserve army of labour.
Municipalities, for example, will need to hire extra workers to haul away half-eaten deer carcasses from front lawns and public parks.
Productivity often surges in the first year of a recovery after recession, as firms produce more without needing to hire extra workers.
Pasona, the largest such agency, said this week that its sales rose by 12% year-on-year, and net profits by 37%, in the six months to November 2003.In March, deregulation will allow temping agencies to provide, for the first time, temporary blue-collar workers for, say, manufacturers needing extra factory-workers.
Alberta will need to find 109,000 extra workers by 2016.
The UK's top Christmas recruiter, Royal Mail, took on an extra 18,000 employees this year and in total, the top five Christmas employers need more than 62,000 extra workers.
"People think sex workers need extra, someone to organise them when they get out of control which is crap," Catherine continued.
Grocers are reluctant to discuss how they can earn money from Web transactions, which would not seem easy, given the high costs of maintaining a Web site and employing a phone-based customer service team and the extra workers needed for handling the orders.
