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In example 10a, the root modal verb 當 dāng 'should' expresses deontic necessity (obligation); in 10b the epistemic adverb 固 gù expresses epistemic necessity (certainty on the side of the speaker).
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Thus, Kant argued that if moral philosophy is to guard against undermining the absolute necessity of obligation in its analysis and defense of moral thought, it must be carried out entirely a priori.
In settings characterized by lack of mutual respect and cooperation, complaints abound and work is done simply because of necessity or the obligations of duty, but not from conviction.
Little by little, another shade of the old word's meaning is coming into vogue: not so much necessity as requirement or obligation.
However, broad-based topic accessibility also implies reliance on writers' personal experiences and socio-cultural background knowledge that can lead to a greater topic-effect on L2 writing and overuse of such language features as obligation and necessity modals.
The results demonstrate that median frequency rates of modal verbs in L2 essays are significantly affected by the writing topic, depending on the writers' L1s and the contextual meanings and functions of obligation and necessity modals.
On the whole, the frequency rates of possibility and ability modals appear to be less topic-dependent than obligation and necessity modals in the L2 writing of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean speakers.
In the following section, the different modal auxiliary verbs conveying the root/deontic modal (excluding root possibility and ability) value of obligation and necessity are discussed with particular regard to the temporal and aspectual structure of the complement they select.
But along with this obligation, the necessity of state coercion is argued to put citizens of a single state in a kind of relationship to one another that differs from their relationship to those outside their state.
When asked what prescription I'd give to an LGBT Christian on the necessity, urgency or even obligation to come out, I lack Milk's confidence in insisting that all LGBT people identify themselves.
The researchers also found that contracts had become more explicit in households where children had been taken on out of necessity rather than moral obligation.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com