It is less commonly realized, however, that replication not only makes possible but necessitates evolution, or more precisely, that evolution by random drift and natural selection is a simple and necessary consequence of error-prone replication.
We posit that replication of the genetic material is the singular fundamental biological process and that replication with an error rate below a certain threshold both enables and necessitates evolution by drift and selection.
They act more like a selective "sieve" or a "leaky bucket" than a "tube", which necessitated evolution of a variety of effective clearance mechanisms since the lung cannot rely on 'flow-through' or transit processes, as in the case of the digestive tract.
For these participants, only beneficial traits are passed from parent to offspring, necessitating that evolution always results in improvement.
The emergence of Earth's oxygen-rich atmosphere (known as the "oxygen catastrophe") due to photosynthetic organisms, as well as the presence of potentially damaging free radicals in the cell due to oxidative phosphorylation, necessitated the evolution of DNA repair mechanisms that act specifically to counter the types of damage induced by oxidative stress.
At the same time, the growth of individual cytoplasmic compartments would have necessitated the evolution of machinery to generate connections between adjacent blebs in order to integrate processes across these increasing large cells (for example, facilitating accurate cell division and cell polarization).
The structurally diverse pool of prostaglandin forms (PGA2, PGE2, PGF2α) and their analogues found in P. homomalla tissues [ 52, 66- 70] may have necessitated the evolution of a variety of prostaglandin-metabolizing CYPs, resulting in the diversity of closely related CYP4BL transcripts identified here.
In Mackey's view, consumer evolution necessitates a change in the look and feel of grocery stores.
The translocon components come in direct contact with the host cell membrane/phagosomal membrane which possibly necessitates their differential evolution for specific host adaptation.
Understanding phenotypic evolution necessitates investigating both the ultimate and proximate influences on traits; however, these investigations require the appropriate tools.
However, for engineering alloys, the final properties depend not only on chemistry but also on the path of microstructure development which necessitates characterization of microstructure evolution for each chemistry.
