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However, due to the nature of observational studies, it is difficult to conclude whether the observed association between alcohol use and violence is due to alcohol use or whether it is due to common cause factors [ 8– 12].
Here, only small treatment effects were observed, and for adequate interpretation of this finding, the nature of observational studies has to be considered.
These issues remain largely unresolved due to the correlative nature of observational studies and the rarity of experimental studies [2, 8 11].
That is, however, inherent in the nature of observational studies.
Nevertheless, given the nature of observational study design and small sample size, additional studies are warranted.
The major limitation of our study is the retrospective nature of observational discharge registry data.
Similar(47)
We conclude by reviewing both existing and suggested alternatives to reduce the arbitrary nature of observational-scale choice prevalent in today's literature.
The uncontrolled nature of this observational report, however, makes assessment of efficacy and safety difficult.
Due to the nature of an observational study, there may exist selection bias.
In addition, limitations derived from the retrospective nature of the observational study design are also applicable.
Given the nature of this observational study, no attempt was made to standardize care, including nutritional practices, across participating ICUs.
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