To the best of our knowledge, the current understanding of miRNA expression in halophytes, the naturally salt tolerant plants, is limited to three species: Avicennia marina [ 30], Salicornia europaea [ 27] and Salicornia brachiata [ 31].
Using a similar approach, Taji et al [ 51] showed that a large number of abiotic or biotic stress-inducible Arabidopsis thaliana genes were expressed under normal growth conditions in salt cress (Thellungiella halophila), a naturally salt tolerant plant specie.
In contrast, surface disturbance of naturally salt-rich soil by oil and gas development activities, such as pipeline, road, and well pad construction, is a reasonable candidate for explaining the salinity increase.
First, naturally salt-tolerant species (halophytes) can be used as crops.
To introduce a legume crop in saline agriculture requires either an effort to increase salt tolerance of currently used legumes or domestication of a naturally salt-tolerant legume.
However, only one naturally salt-tolerant plant, Avicennia marina, a mangrove species, presented matches, and it was represented in two of the identified miRNAs, vvi-miR396b and ath-miR396b.
Among the species of this genus Populus euphratica Olivier occurs naturally in salt afflicted areas [ 5] and exhibits high salt tolerance [ 6].
Sulfate mineral, sulfate also spelled Sulphate, any naturally occurring salt of sulfuric acid.
It was from naturally occurring salt waters that two chemists independently discovered bromine two centuries ago - the German Carl Jacob Lowig from mineral water in 1825, and the Frenchman Antoine Balard from salt marsh seaweeds in 1826.
They were also covered with packets of natron, a naturally occurring salt, left to dry out for many days, packed with linen or wood shavings, and sometimes perfumed with scented items, Wade said.
Toxicity plays a central role in cryopreservation, whether it be toxicity of added cryoprotectants or of naturally occurring salts and other solutes concentrated in the unfrozen solution by ice formation.
