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In this study we investigated the conservation value of native plantation forests in the lowlands of New Britain, Papua New Guinea.
Only Monaghan, Down, and Antrim were excepted, the first because it had been subjected to a "native" plantation in the 1590s and the latter two because neither was held by the rebel earls and both were already areas of extensive de facto Scottish settlement.
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Rubber is grown on small native plantations.
"The big growth in woodland area more recently was the result of large-scale non-native plantations on marginal land in the first two thirds of the 20th century – whilst all the time our ancient woods are inexorably chipped away by development and infrastructure".
For example, some exotic (non-native) plantations can be refuges for native biodiversity (Senbeta et al. 2002; Barlow et al. 2007; Bhagwat et al. 2008), when having naturally regenerated native saplings (Senbeta et al. 2002).
Then the industry will make a "negotiated" transition from native to plantation forests.
The adjoining Native American plantation of Okammakamefit was annexed in 1718.
For its first four years – to the frustration of green groups – the RSPO talked, devising eight principles and 39 practical criteria designed to protect native peoples, plantation workers, small farmers and wildlife.
While the French example was aided by natural regeneration and rural depopulation, resistance to tree establishment (native, exotic, plantation, spaced planted, reversion) has continued to be an issue that both central and regional government agencies in New Zealand have struggled with.
These plantations are among the oldest native tree plantations of the Brazilian Amazon.
Hence establishing native species plantations among native forest remnants – especially in heavily fragmented landscapes – could have a positive effect in the conservation of threatened avifauna.
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