This pattern of electrophysiological and behavioral results supports the conclusion that early experience with phonetic contrasts of a language results in changes in neural representations in the auditory cortex that allow for more robust automatic, phonetic processing of native-language speech input.
Just as there were several hundred native languages, dialects, and speech forms, so were there an equal number of tribal styles, motifs, and design forms.
They spoke at least 17 native languages.
Some spoke in their native languages.
Group differences in bilingual infants' speech discrimination abilities are related to the amount of exposure to each of their native languages in the home.
Alaska recognizes many Native languages.
Native-language subtitles appear to create lexical interference, but foreign-language subtitles assist speech learning by indicating which words (and hence sounds) are being spoken.
In countries which use subtitles instead of dubbing (e.g., the Netherlands), only native-language subtitles are available, so again listeners are denied potential benefits in speech learning.
The degree of success in perceiving L2 phones has been modeled most frequently by the PAM (Best, 1995; Best & Tyler, 2007), the speech learning model (SLM; Flege, 1995, 2002), and the native-language magnet model (NLM; Kuhl, 1991, 1992).
Are the seagull squawks that puncture the speeches native to the language or is it acting?
Sixty listeners, native in each language, participated in each listening quality test and rated processed speech files described in Sections 3.1 3.3.
