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In case of a failed plate fixation, reamed nailing results in 96%% union rate, thus being the treatment of choice.
In an adult cadaver study, it has been shown that downward nailing results in poor rotational stability.
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The extended usage of unreamed tibial nailing resulted in reports of an increased rate of complications, especially for the distal portion of the tibia.
If initial treatment with an IM nail results in a nonunion, the nail can be removed and a larger diameter nail can be placed after overreaming.
The results clearly show that consideration of the true elasto-plastic load displacement behaviour of the nails results in a higher capacity of the truss compared to using linear elastic nail properties.
In the segmental reconstruction, the dynamized fixation of the intramedullary nail results in primarily compressive stress in the graft material.
The Dermelect Web site says that ProSina features an "active form" of an amino acid that gives the product the ability to "cross link with the keratin in nails, resulting in the integrity and cohesion of the nail plate".
The Panta Nail resulted in a first-attempt fusion rate of 65% at the ankle and subtalar joints.
One nail (9 mm) bent in one patient with AO type B fracture after 4 months of surgery and closed exchange nailing with 11-mm nail resulted in union in this patient.
In that condition, the nail wall becomes raised, with inflammation and suppuration of tissue surrounding the nail resulting in nail plate destruction, separation of the nail, and defective growth at the nail matrix.
In a meta-analysis of the reports published in the literature, the locked intramedullary nails or reconstruction nails yielded results that were superior to those for combinations of plates [1].
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com