Negative staining of p53 may reflect wild-type TP53 gene or nonsense mutation which needs sequence analysis.
Potential breed-specific diseases that may mimic idiopathic epilepsy: As mentioned above Rough and Smooth Collies are breeds affected by ABCB1/MDR1-gene mutation, which needs to be considered for dogs with very acute seizures and potential previous exposure to neurotoxic P-gp substrates.
The mathematical model of negative clonal selection can potentially be adapted to allow estimation of the tumor mutation rates which need to be reached to achieve this effect, as well as the mutational "therapeutic window" between tumor and normal tissue.
But because evolution is blind, and occurs only by random mutations, in order to have a chance to see adaptive mutations arise, be they new functions or the advantageous loss of existing ones, there will be no avoiding the hundred fold excess of deleterious mutations, which will need to be eliminated by natural selection.
However, creating novel animal models to mirror the natural distribution of mutations is still a challenge, due in part to heterogeneity and unknown mutations (i.e., structure aberrations), which need to be revealed via ongoing efforts such as next generation sequencing.
The speculation can explain the lower prostate cancer risk for the missense mutation-harboring patients, which needs to be further studied.
Mutations S451N and I547T in the HA, T232P in the PB1 were unique to Indian isolates, the significance of which need to be addressed.
Passwords, which need only software, are cheaper.
Moreover, most mutants may only carry one or a few mutations, which reduces the chance to find improvements for which combinations of different mutations are needed.
