Sentence examples for mutations were secondary from inspiring English sources

Potential associations between EZH2/H3K27me3 expression and clinico-pathological features or KRAS exon 2 and BRAF exon 15 mutations were secondary endpoints.

Suppressor mutations are secondary mutations which restore the original phenotype in an organism that has undergone a primary mutation.

While the effect of primary mutations on inhibitor binding can be more easily rationalized because those amino acids make direct contact with the inhibitor, many PR mutations are secondary and are found outside of the active site.

For example, the prognostic significance of IDH mutations may be secondary to their prevalence among younger patients, as age is a well-known prognostic factor in gliomas.

We then investigated whether mtDNA instability observed in patients carrying the p.Ser59Leu CHCHD10 mutation could be secondary to a failure of mtDNA repair.

One (SD54) has a typical SIOD-type spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia and severe scoliosis and anterior hypoplasia of L2; these latter changes, which have not been observed among SIOD patients with a SMARCAL1 mutation, may be secondary to an unrelated muscular hypotonia.

In consequence, primary mutations were assayed but secondary mutations were not included.

Ras mutations were found in secondary skin lesions of melanoma patients treated with Raf inhibitors [109,110], and the significance of Ras activation for Raf inhibitor-induced tumor development was verified in mouse models in which Ras activation was induced either by chemical carcinogenesis [110] or by targeting the GEF SOS to the plasma membrane of basal keratinocytes [92].

Overall, these data suggest that NPM1 mutations are a secondary or late event in the pathogenesis of AML and are preceded by founder mutations in genes that may be associated with recently described preclinical states such as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential or clonal cytopenias of undetermined significance.

The Cox proportional hazards model indicated that detecting EGFR mutations was a secondary prognostic factor (Table 4).

With the GS Junior (Roche) six fresh-frozen samples were analysed and no mutated allele frequencies at the positions of secondary mutations were detected.