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All these mutations were done by physically changing the animals' DNA.
Editing of data and scoring of mutations were done by two independent groups of researchers.
To prepare constitutively active constructs of GSK3ß, point mutations were done with long template PCR technique with use of following mutagenesis primers: GSK3ß SenseSense 5'GGC CCA GAA CCA CCG CAT TCG CGG AGA GCT GCA Antisensesense 5'TTG CAG CTC TCC GCG AAT GCG GTG GTT CTG GGC C3') in the following set up (95°C-90 s; 95°C-30 s; 62°C-30 s; 68°C-900 s; 68°C-1200 s; 4°C).
Alignments and analysis of mutations were done with MUSCLE in MEGA5.2 (Edgar 2004; Tamura et al. 2011).
Likewise, mutations were done at positions 11 and 34 for Seq1; and this procedure was progressively followed until reaching positions 16 and 39.
Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing the HBV DNA polymerase gene mutations were done using nested PCR and direct sequencing as described previously [ 12].
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Alignment and analysis of unique mutations was done using SeqMan 5.07 (DNASTAR Inc).
Detection of mutations was done by analyzing the alignments, and genomic positions which were consistently (>60%, coverage of 5 or more reads) different were marked as mutated.
Mutation calling and filtering for the later set of mutations was done as described above.
Screening for EGFR (exons 18 21) mutations was done by PCR single-strand conformational PCR single-strand–SSconformational
The interpretation of resistance mutations was done through the Stanford HIV Db, Genotypic Resistance Interpretation Algorithm, version 6.2.0.
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