Sentence examples for mutations that benefit from inspiring English sources

In XY systems, recessive mutations that benefit males are able to increase in frequency on the X chromosome until balanced by the fitness cost of homozygosity in females.

Those mutations that benefit the organism may be maintained and passed on to succeeding generations, such as the mutations in internalin A (inlA), which resulted in increased invasiveness of Listeria monocytogenes (Orsi et al. 2007).

In this hypothesis, chromosomal localization of genes is driven by sexual antagonism under which, because the X chromosome spends more time in females than males, X-linked mutations that benefit females at the expense of males are more likely to be fixed than autosomal mutations that do the same [ 9].

Next, we tested the effect of secY and clcA mutations on the chloride sensitivity of the mutant strains, since mutations that benefit the cell by facilitating chloride diffusion during growth on DCM may also result in detrimental levels of chloride import in high salt media.

A problem in strain engineering is that mutations that benefit the expression of a phenotype in one environment may impose a cost to biological fitness in a new environment.

Wolbachia is, however, unconstrained with respect to mutations that benefit female while harming male phenotypes, since Wolbachia is exclusively propagated across multiple generations via the matriline.

Bart et al. hypothesized that ptxP3 may be a "hitchhiker" mutation that benefited from advantageous mutations selected elsewhere in the genome (18 ); our findings lend support to this hypothesis.

Consistent with our in vitro data, we showed that gentamicin treatment is able to partially restore a functional endogenous KMT2D protein confirming the use of the in vitro assay as a good model for evaluating drug-induced readthrough and selecting patient carrying nonsense mutations that could benefit from treatment.

It is also plausible that some of the mutations that provide benefits to a plant [ 24] could be disadvantageous in the long-term to a pathogen like Agrobacterium, and strains with Vir proteins might gain an advantage by the suppression of spontaneous mutations.

For example, we would expect to see more fixation of proviruses on X for recessive mutations that are of benefit to males but harmful to females or for dominant mutations that are of benefit to females but harmful to males [ 30].

Adaptive protein evolution may be facilitated by neutral amino acid mutations that confer no benefit when they first arise but which potentiate subsequent function-altering mutations via direct or indirect structural mechanisms.