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Aside from one truncating mutation (Suzuki, et al., 2009) all of the mutations on which these assertions rest are based on sequence variation predicted to have no functional consequence.
Until the 1970s, evolution was thought to center on the classical Darwinian paradigm of natural selection and genetics: genes provide the mutations on which natural selection operates.
They might be facilitated by the human-specific Alu Yi6AH151 insertion in the region; insertions of this type are known to increase homologous recombinations and mutations, on which selection could act [32], [33].
Heterochrony effect on the tree shapes should in turn affect for instance the frequency distribution of mutations, on which many neutrality tests rely (e.g., Tajima's D [39], and Fu and Li's statistics [40]).
Although the largest decreases in stability are associated with the three mutations on which we focus (L259S, R384G, and V280A), other slightly destabilizing mutations are also fixed during NP's evolution.
A longevity gene may enhance the protection against oxygen radicals and thus reduce the danger of bad mutations on which mutation accumulation is based; thus all three theories work together.
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Indeed, it depends on successful colonization followed by mutation on which selection can act.
Here we present the first functional study on taperin/c9orf75, mutations of which in exon 1 at the DFNB79 locus lead to non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness.
However, most of them focused on prothrombotic mutations, of which the factor V Leiden mutation and the prothrombin G20210A variant were linked to the individual risk to develop IVH [ 3- 6].
It might be argued that an elevated mutation rate might explain the teleost morphological diversity and species richness, since the chance that a beneficial mutation arises on which selection can act is increased.
MCF7 cells are known to harbour an activating PIK3CA mutation (E545K) on which these cells are dependent for survival [9], [10].
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