Propagating the mutant collection for a sufficiently long duration allowed us to identify both beneficial and deleterious mutations of a wide range of strengths.
Advances in the implementation of high-throughput methods in both experimental evolution and sequencing now allow for the thorough characterization of the DFE of mutations across a wide range of organisms and environments, allowing for direct experimental tests of potential mechanisms driving observed differences in DFE.
Many variants of G6PD have been described, mostly produced from missense mutations, with wide ranging levels of enzyme activity and associated clinical symptoms.
Second, the similarity (typically measured as a correlation) of their genetic interaction profiles represents the congruency of the phenotypes of the two mutations across a wide variety of genetic backgrounds.
Comparisons of the number of functional mutations (genome wide or in the subset of genes in the molecular pathway determining the trait) carried by individuals with extreme phenotypes and those in the centre of the phenotypic distribution could be accomplished without bias due to QTN effect size.
We also observed X chromosome hypermutation in a recurrence of medulloblastoma MB34 (Jones et al., 2012), with the same degree of hypermutation as in the primary tumor despite a higher number of mutations genome wide (data not shown).
The findings of LOH and mutations of M6P/IGF2R in a wide variety of tumor types have led to the proposition that the M6P/IGF2R is a tumor suppressor gene.
Increasingly, patients' full DNA is being sequenced, revealing mutations for a wide variety of diseases.
Recent genetic studies have identified mutations in a wide variety of tubulin isotypes and microtubule-related proteins in many of the major neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases.
Previous studies that have examined the relationship between BRAF and KRAS mutations in a wide range of colonic polyp and cancer tissue have found a mutually exclusive distribution of these mutations [7].
Recently, zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) were successfully used to create genome-specific double-stranded breaks and thereby induce targeted gene mutations in a wide variety of organisms including plants, drosophila, zebrafish, etc.
