Sentence examples for mutations in structural from inspiring English sources

In addition to developing mutations in structural genes for drug targets, bacteria can become resistant after mutational events in motifs for gene expression, such as promoters (13 ), in regulatory modules, such as 2-component regulatory systems (14 ), or positioning upstream from a gene of a mobile (15, 16 ) or stable (17 ) promoter.

Muscular dystrophies are severe disorders due to mutations in structural genes, and are characterized by skeletal muscle wasting, compromised patient mobility, and respiratory functions.

A number of mutations in structural genes are known that allow relatively normal development and functioning of other muscle types, but severely disrupt IFM development and function.

Differences between B. pertussis isolates are mainly due to mutations in structural genes encoding toxins and adhesins, differential expression of genes such as those encoding fimbrial proteins, and gene reduction mostly mediated by IS elements [4] [7].

Some results support the idea that morphological evolution can occur basically by a small proportion of major effect mutations in structural, developmental or regulatory key genes (major gene effect hypothesis [2], [3].

In brief, using the free energy of RNA secondary structures for a given input sequence as the fitness function, the algorithm evolves a population of RNA conformers by exchanging parts of the conformers, inserting mutations in structural elements and selecting the best fit individual conformations resulting from these operations.

In many other studies, it was observed that the proportion of isolates corresponding to the type of Pw vaccine strains decreased over time, and that the isolates remaining in circulation were those that exhibited differences to the vaccine strains at the level of protein expression or mutation in structural genes [7].

Although simply inherited traits are often due to a mutation in structural genes, mutations located in regulatory genes, such as TFs, can also account for qualitative variations in agronomic traits [ 7- 9].

It is reported that due to adaptation of PRRSV to Marc-145 cells, mutations in non-structural, but also structural viral proteins may occur [ 40- 42].

Poshusta, T. L. et al. Mutations in specific structural regions of immunoglobulin light chains are associated with free light chain levels in patients with AL amyloidosis.

To evaluate the effect of NV189 on patient cells, fibroblasts from a patient with Leigh syndrome due to recessive nuclear DNA mutations in the structural CI gene NDUFS2 and three control cell lines were investigated using a Seahorse Bioscience XFe 96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer (Fig. 3; Supplementary Fig. 5).