Sentence examples for mutations in rat from inspiring English sources

In addition, we elucidated the mutational fingerprints of Phlp by analyzing Apc mutations in rat colon cancers induced by this carcinogen.

The point mutations in rat PAR3 cDNA were introduced with QuikChange™ Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (Stratagene).

The authors studied the effects of N-terminal α-synuclein truncations and point mutations in rat primary hippocampal neurons and found that deletions of N-terminal α-helical residues disrupt presynaptic localization and result in diffuse axon staining.

Moreover, mutations in rat Rab38 cause pigmentation defects and other changes similar to those found in HPS [ 10], and Rab38 and the closely related Rab32 are important for trafficking of enzymes, such as Tyrp1, involved in pigmentation [ 11, 12].

CRCs develop from normal colonic mucosa via progressive accumulation of genetic alterations, such as mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) during earlier stages and mutations in rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (RAS) and tumor protein 53 (TP53) during later stages [ 4].

In addition, acrylamide may induce carcinogenesis and heritable mutations in rats when orally administrated in high-dose experiments in laboratory, which implies that it is probably carcinogenic to humans [ 5, 6].

Exposure to N-nitrosamino compounds was associated with G : C → A : T transitions in the RAS gene in tumours of rodents (Harris, 1991) and also with VHL mutations in rats (Shiao et al, 1998).

The crucial role of M-CSF on osteoclastogenesis was further supported by the study on the naturally occurring 'toothless' mutation in rat which was found to be due to the mutation of the Csf1 (M-CSF) gene [10].

Our results corroborate earlier biochemical work demonstrating the high functional importance of Helix 0. Specifically, in the liposome assay, F10E (the mutation in rat endophilin that is homologous to I10E) severely reduces lipid binding and disrupts tubulation [9], [14].

Defective splicing caused by Rbm20 mutation in rats results in features resembling those of humans carrying RBM20 mutations, including left ventricular dilatation, subendocardial fibrosis, arrhythmia and sudden death.

To evaluate the potential of these novel rat ES cell lines for introducing targeted mutations in the rat, we have tested their capacity for homologous recombination at the hprt locus.