This information can be crucial, because many pathogenic mutations – for example, mutated tumor suppressor genes – are not directly susceptible to targeted therapies.
This pathway-mapping approach has been applied to recent large-scale tumour-resequencing results, which, along with a list of mutations and mutated genes, has generated a list of pathways enriched in mutations (for example, see Ding et al, 2008).
If a flock of chickens was found to have a virus with three or four of the dangerous mutations, for example, the decision to cull them would be more clear-cut.
Myostatin mutations, for example, have trade-offs and fitness consequences.
Many of these mutations, for example Arg155 to Lys155, preserve physicochemical properties.
Figure 2 Following genotoxic insult (Mutations (for example: loss of tumor suppressor p53, cyclin-dependent kinase N2A (CDKN2A)); HPV infection, etc).
These are not related to ATP7B mutations: for example, ICC has been linked to mutations in the KRT8 and the KRT18 gene.
Evolutionarily conserved stem loop sequences were previously subjected to random mutations, for example, sequences of stem loop 1 (described below) [3].
This trait requires two mutations, for example a disulphide bridge between two cysteine residues.
This calculation combines potentially functional mutations (for example, driver mutations) with passenger somatic alterations [ 15].
