Eq. 3 would still apply if we interpreted nb and ne as the total number of buried and exposed amino acids in the sphere, and fb and fe as the fraction of mutations at buried and exposed sites in the protein.
This implies that at least some mutations are exposed rather than masked by the activity of molecular chaperones.
For a given cluster with test statistic Qs in a given gene, we carry out at least 104 independent, random reshufflings of the mutations, keeping the number of mutations at buried and exposed sites constant.
For example, recessive mutations are exposed to selection in the hemizygous X of males.
Its target, DNA gyrase is shown previously to undergo adaptive mutation when exposed to ciprofloxacin at near MIC concentrations.
While at the early stages of feature selection, there is a notable gap between the prediction performance for mutations in the exposed and buried residues, as feature selection progresses, the performance becomes balanced for both categories.
T3Δ1.3A0 had acquired five mutations before being exposed to the ligase-defective host (Additional file 1).
He asserts that the flower undergoes a mutation when exposed to radiation.
Disentangling whether presymptomatic psychiatric symptoms are related more to psychological factors or disease effects will require longitudinal study of large cohorts of 'at risk' individuals, comprising both mutation-positive and -negative individuals, who are unaware of their mutation status but exposed to the same anxieties about the possibility of developing symptoms.
In combination with the increased mutation rate, cells exposed to Mn2+ have a significantly higher accumulation of frame shift mutations.
