Sentence examples for mutations arise early from inspiring English sources

IDH1 and IDH2 mutations arise early in cancer pathogenesis and are specific for hotspot codons, suggesting that these mutations have a shared oncogenic function that drives cancer pathogenesis.

In lung cancer, TP53 mutations arise early and p53 overexpression was detected in pre-neoplastic lesions, such as bronchial dysplasia.

In lung cancer, in particular, p53 mutations arise early on, since p53 accumulation was detected in pre-neoplastic lesions such as bronchial dysplasia [ 9] and serum p53Abs were found in isolated cases of both heavy smokers and patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), at high risk of lung and other tobacco-related cancers, several months before the diagnosis of cancer [ 10, 11].

This process was predicted to be slow (progressing over decades), and thus implied a functional importance for mutations arising early in life [42].

Shlush et al (2014) and Corces-Zimmerman et al (2014) have recently identified pre-leukaemic HSCs as chemoresistant HSCs containing mutations arising early in the evolution of AML [ 109, 110].

This high variability reflects the large contribution of very rare mutations that arise early in an infection and can contribute 1000s of mutant virions, especially when selection is weak.

These mutations would arise early in tumor development.

Breast tumors in BRCA1-mutation carriers arise early in life and exhibit an aggressive, basal-like phenotype associated with poor overall survival.

Genomic DNA was used to simultaneously amplify several gene loci using multiplex PCR, in order to capture and analyze 15 mutational hot spots enriched for, but not exclusive to, targets of mutations thought to arise early in leukemogenesis (Table 1).

However, because all small dogs possess these diagnostic mutations, the mutations likely arose early in the history of domestic dogs.

If the higher growth rates of phage in the benign environment translate to faster replication relative to that in the harsh environment, then mutations would arise earlier in flask growth.