Sentence examples for mutations and altered from inspiring English sources

On the basis of these studies, a collection of genetic and epigenetic alterations, chromosomal aberrations, gene mutations and altered molecular pathways were described [ 183].

The common genetic mutations and altered oncogene or tumor suppressor gene expression, as well as signal transduction alterations (including N-ras, p53, Rb, and p16 cyclin dependent kinase aberrations), have been reported to occur similarly in human lymphomas as well as in dogs [ 14, 56, 57].

Several cancers develop enhanced glutamine metabolism as a consequence of cell intrinsic carcinogenic events including mutations and altered signaling pathways thereby becoming glutamine addicted [22].

To investigate the biological processes underlying this dramatic change in phenotype, we determined the effects of the GHR mutations and altered STAT5 signalling on transcript expression in liver tissue of 42-day old mice, In a first round of analysis, we used the MAS 5.0 algorithm and fold changes with a cut-off of 1.5-fold to identify differentially expressed genes.

The ROS-induced development of cancer involves malignant transformation due to DNA mutations and altered gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms.

Tumor cells have increased production of ROS, causing oxidative stress and disturbing the redox state, leading to DNA damage, mutations and altered gene expression which contributes to carcinogenesis.

Each transposition event generates new variability by creating mutations and altering the genome size of a cell.

Such precise treatments offer huge potential to target the underlying defects in specific CFTR mutations and alter the disease process, and could be life-changing.

H277L, R417T and H569Q are all within nine amino acids of previously reported recessive mutations and alter residues that are highly conserved across mammalian species.

It is, therefore, not surprising that gene amplification, genetic mutation, and altered transcription/translation result in aberrant ErbB/EGF receptor expression and/or signal transduction, contributing to the development of malignant transformation.

Meanwhile, as a specific marker of hypertrophic chondrocytes, the type X collagen gene (COL10A1) is also critical for endochondral bone formation, as mutation and altered COL10A1 expression are often accompanied by abnormal chondrocyte hypertrophy in many skeletal diseases.