The phenomenon that we describe may become manifest in human disorders caused by somatic mutations with restricted laterality.
Isolates with mutations restricted to the QRDR of parC and/or parE (n = 17) in this study were similarly susceptible to fluoroquinolones as wild type strains.
Isolates with mutations restricted in the QRDR of parC and/or parE (n = 17) showed similar susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones as wild type strains except for one strain with mutation profile type 18.
The DM carries the putative GBM driver gene AVIL [ 19], with a mutation restricted to the grade IV/recurrence lineage and linked to the focal amplification via discordant paired-end reads as well as exhibiting a high-variant allele frequency (chr12 58204830; supplementary Figure S2F, available at Annals of Oncology online).
Further to this, individual H3F3A mutations were also described in distinct age groups, with K27M mutations being restricted to infant and childhood GBM (median age 10.5 years, range 5 to 23 years), and G34R/V mutations defining GBM in adolescents and young adults (median age 18 years, range 9 to 42 years) [ 9, 10].
Interestingly, the association among BRCA1 mutation carriers was restricted to those carrying mutations proven or predicted to lead to absence of protein expression (Class 1) with no evidence for an association in carriers of BRCA1 mutations likely to generate stable mutant proteins (Class 2) (P-diff = 0.03).
Mutagenesis in mucA was restored by the addition of a new SSR C6-SSR4311), and even synergistically increased when G5-SSR426 C6-SSR431R431 were present simultaneously, with the mucA mutations being restricted to −1 bp deletions within any of both G C SSRs.
Like K-Ras, tumours with B-Raf mutations were restricted to more advanced tumours (T stages 3 and 4).
The ovarian cancer mutations are restricted to 163 proteins with single nucleotide variants affecting protein phosphorylation sites or kinase domains.
Finally, the phenotypic effects of most mutations are restricted to specific pathways and/or processes.
