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These mutations can in turn induce selection pressure for mutations that compensate for these effects (called accessory mutations; e.g. a mutation that restores the protein stability).
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This mutation was, in fact, a reversion mutation that restored a wild-type lysine residue that had been mutated to a serine residue as part of a surface-entropy-reduction strategy aimed at enhancing the ability of the FN3 scaffold to form crystal contacts (Garrard et al., 2001 ).
Norquist et al (2011) observed similar findings in vivo, with ∼28% of recurrent tumours having a secondary mutation that restored BRCA1 or BRCA2 function.
Nevertheless, our in vitro studies of SpoIIE oligomerization combined with the unbiased isolation of a suppressor mutation that restored sporulation and oligomerization strongly suggest, we believe, a role for oligomerization in vivo.
Discovery of second site mutations that restore the activity of some of these mutants has provided clues for the restoration of activity by the use of small molecules.
Compensatory evolution refers to the evolution through the fixation of compensatory mutations that restore their fitness decline with one another.
Spontaneous mutations that restore spreading have been previously observed in the enteric bacterium Escherichia coli, and recent work in other bacterial species has isolated and quantified different classes of nonchemotacting mutants exhibiting the same spreading phenotype.
Reversion of the uncoordinated phenotype is caused by intragenic and extragenic suppressor mutations that restore normal movement [48].
Recent evidence suggests that the initial fitness costs of some drug resistance mutations can be rapidly compensated by secondary mutations that restore normal function [31], [32], [33].
We reasoned that mutations that restore growth to sec9-4 cells at the non-permissive temperature might do so by increasing SNARE complex formation.
Compensatory mutations that restore complementarity to the 4m-AGO1 mRNA were introduced into the MIR168b gene using the Quick Change Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (Stratagene).
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