Our demonstration here, that none of 100 Somali controls carries the mutation, suggests that the higher end of this range is appropriate, providing strong genetic evidence for the pathogenicity of the mutation.
Previous studies have suggested high mutations in BCP and preC regions are major cause for the loss of HBeAg but without true disappearance or reduction of viral load.
Interestingly, one of the three mosaic G0 adult flies was the female fly, indicating the biallelic mutations in X chromosomes, suggesting high activity of the injected RGEN-RNP.
Since PFGE essentially monitors genome rearrangements rather than mutations, such SD values strongly suggest high variability either in genome organization (for instance through rearrangements such as large inversions), or in genome content (through insertions/deletions of mobile genetic elements such as phages, ICEs, genomic islands etc).
A high prevalence and increasingly complex patterns of TDR-associated mutations suggests a generally high frequency of exposure in the treatment-naïve patients to diverse sources of viral strains.
Triplicate sequencing of five of the complex promoters, collectively sampling 12 unique oligonucleotide fragments, revealed no mutations, suggesting a high level of fidelity for synthesis of the oligonucleotides (as well as their annealing and ligation).
The uniformity in nuclear genome base-substitution mutation processes reported here is inconsistent with patterns of mutational fitness decay in this set MA lines that suggest higher mutation rates in the C. briggsae strains relative to the C. elegans strains (Baer et al. 2005).
However, Rodentia and Scandentia had long branches, suggesting higher mutation rates (increased number of synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions).
The asymmetric distribution of mutations suggests that despite the high mutational pressure imposed by R treatment, some kind of selection is still acting during the -passaging of the virus with error-prone replication.
The high rate of fitness-altering mutations suggests that the molecular mutation rate is higher in D. discoideum and/or a larger percentage of molecular mutations alters fitness.
