Results showed that the CPS locus SNPs density was 50.7 SNPs/Kbp/strain for 6B variants, higher than the 9.0 SNPs/Kbp/strain in invasive 6B strains (Fig. 4a), showing a higher mutation rate in variants compared to the wild type strains.
One such modeling approach estimates the mutation rate of variants of a given functional class (e.g., synonymous, missense) at a gene level, which can then be used to calculate the probability of observing a given number of mutations in the sample size in question [ 19 ▪].
Therefore, under high mutation rates these variants generate a better adapted cloud of mutants.
In addition, the GII.4 genotype has been found to exhibit a high mutation rate, with major variants emerging every 2-3 years [ 13, 14].
In order to keep the same value for the rate of mutation per gene, the genomic mutation rate of the variant was increased by a factor G/ L, in comparison with genomes with single-copy genes only.
The 1.8-fold greater mutation rate in the strain expressing K618T variant, in comparison with the parental MV400 strain, was also not significant (P = 0.69).
The high HIV mutation rate results in novel variants which encode point mutations within CTL epitopes and escape recognition by specific T cells.
In RNA viruses with a high deleterious mutation rate the majority of variants exhibit a replicative capacity lower than the mean [ 10- 12].
On the other hand, since mutations at the locus include mutations of two directions that produce pathogenic or non-pathogenic variants, the mutation rate at the locus should be greater than the rate of mutations that produce pathogenic variants at the locus.
The significantly larger double mutation rate of NOD2 and PSMG1 variants in the CD group (60%) compared with the control group (18%) may also suggest that NOD2 mutations affect NF-kappaB signalling and PSMG1 mutations may potentiate microbial-triggered inflammation in CD patients.
