Sentence examples for mutation rate such from inspiring English sources

Error threshold is the upper bound of the mutation rate such that the genetic information can pass on during reproduction.

The coupled approach potentially enables the characterization of entire viral populations, particularly important when studying viruses with a high mutation rate such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

With increasing mutation rate, such as 10−2, genetic potential evolved with more rapid fluctuations, such as approximately every 1 10 generations (Meyers et al. 2005).

Importantly, each parameter in IM is combined with mutation rate such that t = t (generations) * μ m1 = m (individuals/generation)/μ, θ1 = 4*N1 (effective population size 1) * μ.

Tumors with a high mutation rate, such as melanoma, lung carcinoma, or microsatellite instability (MSI)+ colorectal carcinoma are expected to bear more mutated antigens and are therefore more immunogenic.

There are many factors that may affect the induced mutation rate, such as mutagen concentration, length of mutagen application, wash length, treated organs (pollen or seeds), and chosen ecotype (or genotype) of the target species.

In some cases, back mutation of the mutator allele might allow reversion to wild-type mutation rates, such that deleterious alleles would not continue to accumulate indefinitely.

In theory, direct selection for mutational robustness would only occur in organisms presenting high mutation rates such as viruses [ 34].

Clune et al. contrast their results with studies suggesting that high mutation rates can be optimal in all circumstances, commenting that "it seems unlikely that stably high mutation rates, such as those for RNA viruses, are maintained primarily because of the rapid adaptive capacity they bestow, as has sometimes been argued" [20].

It follows that diseases with high mutation rates (such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy) are more common than diseases with lower mutation rates.

Under conditions where adaptation is limited by mutation rates, such as during environmental change, new beneficial mutations would facilitate adaptation to changing conditions.